Molecular weight (DA)
65kD
Immunogen
The antiserum was produced against synthesized peptide derived from human GAD1/2. AA range:545-594
Specificity
GAD-65/67 Polyclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of GAD-65/67 protein.
Formulation
Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.
Dilution rate
Western Blot: 1/500 - 1/2000. Immunohistochemistry: 1/100 - 1/300. Immunofluorescence: 1/200 - 1/1000. ELISA: 1/5000. Not yet tested in other applications.
Purification process (Immunogen)
The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen.
Background
glutamate decarboxylase 1(GAD1) Homo sapiens This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantigen and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff man syndrome. Deficiency in this enzyme has been shown to lead to pyridoxine dependency with seizures. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two products, the predominant 67-kD form and a less-frequent 25-kD form. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],
Function
catalytic activity:L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO(2).,cofactor:Pyridoxal phosphate.,disease:Defects in GAD1 are the cause of autosomal recessive symmetric spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) [MIM:603513]. Cerebral palsy (CP) is an heterogeneous group of neurological disorders of movement and/or posture, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 250 to 1'000 live births, making CP one the commonest congenital disabilities. Non-progressive forms of symmetrical, spastic CP have been identified, which show a Mendelian autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Patients present developmental delay, mental retardation and sometimes epilepsy as part of the phenotype.,function:Catalyzes the production of GABA.,online information:Glutamate decarboxylase entry,similarity:Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.,subunit:Homodimer.,tissue specificity:Isoform 3 is expressed in pancreatic islets, testis
Protein name
Glutamate decarboxylase 1/2
Other name
GAD1; GAD; GAD67; Glutamate decarboxylase 1; 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase; GAD-67; Glutamate decarboxylase 67 kDa isoform; GAD2; GAD65; Glutamate decarboxylase 2; 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase; GAD-65; Glutamate decarboxylase 65
Fields
>>Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism;>>beta-Alanine metabolism;>>Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism;>>Butanoate metabolism;>>Metabolic pathways;>>GABAergic synapse;>>Type I diabetes mellitus
Human protein sequence Database
Q99259/Q05329
Mouse gene ID
14415/14417
Mouse protein sequence database
Rat protein sequence database
Cellular localization
intracellular,plasma membrane,vesicle membrane,presynaptic active zone,clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle membrane,
Tissue expression
[Isoform 1]: Expressed in brain. ; [Isoform 3]: Expressed in pancreatic islets, testis, adrenal cortex, and perhaps other endocrine tissues, but not in brain.
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